June 30, 2015
JAXA has conducted a usability survey of the “ALWIN” at Tokyo International Airport
JAXA has conducted a usability survey of the “Airport Low-level Wind INformation” (ALWIN) for airline’s flight crews and dispatchers in cooperation with Japan Airlines (JAL) at Tokyo International Airport (Haneda Airport) on March 2015.
ALWIN provides strategic aircraft operational information on low-level wind which includes turbulence and windshear in the vicinity of the airport using an airport Doppler lidar. The wind information generation logic and display prototype of ALWIN has been jointly developed by JMA (the Japan Meteorological Agency) and JAXA.
Flight crews are able to obtain ALWIN at any time on request by using an automatic ACARS (Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System) *1 text uplink by using the ACARS text conversion function of ALWIN and data link server. On the other hand, dispatchers/airport-based operations officer are able to acquire graphical displays of ALWIN by internet web page.
The airline usability survey results will reflect design specifications of ALWIN when integrating ALWIN to MetAir (JMA’s aviation weather information web page) in the future.
Flight crew’s usability survey of ALWIN:
The photograph on the left shows JAL’s Office of Haneda Airport.
In the office, flight crews confirm weather conditions required for aircraft operational planning.
To survey how flight crews use ALWIN in actual aircraft operation, a JAXA research engineer joined JAL’s flight crews during regularly scheduled flight from a preflight briefing to debriefing.
Flight crews are able to check wind conditions on the flight by ALWIN web screen in preparation of take-off from Haneda airport. When there is severity information related to windshears or strong gusts exist on the flight path, the altitude band of the significant wind change is highlighted in amber color in headwind and crosswind graph of the ALWIN screen to enable intuitive understanding of the alert information. The ALWIN also can be utilized to briefing before takeoff.
In this flight crew’s usability survey, a JAXA research engineer carried out cockpit observation from on the jump seat of the Boeing 777 in domestic flights: Haneda-Chitose, Chitose-Haneda.
During cockpit preparation before takeoff, the copilot clicks the function key for ACARS uplinks relating to ALWIN on the MFD (Multi-Function Display) by mouse to confirm wind condition of ALWIN.
The PM (Pilot Monitoring) explains wind situations by the ALWIN ACARS text message. Based on this information, the PF (Pilot Flying) makes approach/landing planning.
The approach briefing by using ALWIN provides flight crews with common situational awareness relating to approach/landing planning which takes into accounts wind conditions.
We are approaching to the Runway 23 (runway bearing of 230 degrees) at Haneda Airport for arrival.
Airline dispatcher’s usability survey of ALWIN:
The JAL’s domestic and international flights are centrally controlled by the JAL Operation Control Center (JAL OCC) at Haneda Airport. JAXA research engineer observed how airline dispatchers use ALWIN at the JAL OCC.
The desks of airline dispatchers are divided into international flights and domestic flights. ALWIN is one of the screens shown in the photograph on the left.
The photo shows an example of past data display of ALWIN.
For emphasizing the past data, the word “Past” is shown in large font at the top of the screen. This past data is from around 20:35 on March 1, 2015. The data shows a significant change in wind conditions at Haneda Airport (RJTT). The past data display is one of the favorable functions for airline’s users, because the users are able to utilize past data for flight critique or past wind conditions analysis.
ALWIN can also present historical information for the previous several hours. The provision of history information is aimed to help to understand daily tendency of wind direction and speed, windshear and to accumulate knowledge for periodical wind situations.
※1: ACARS (Automatic Communications Addressing and Reporting System)
A digital datalink system between aircraft and ground stations. Via the ARINC communication network, required flight information is automatically sent from aircraft to ground stations or from ground stations to aircraft.
※2: Hangar wave
Refers to turbulence thought to occur when strong northeasterly or easterly winds pass over hangers located in the newly developed area on the southern side of Haneda Airport. The hangar wave affects aircraft taking off and landing at Runway A (34L) on the western side of the hangars.
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